Dysthymia is a depressive condition which does not only occur in adults, can also occur in children and adolescents. This disorder lasts longer (more chronic) of Major Depression disorder, but not so severe.
Signs and symptoms of dysthymia in children and adolescents should follow two or more of the following symptoms, insomnia, poor appetite, fatigue, low self esteem, difficult to concentration, difficulty making decisions, feeling of hopelessness and helplessness.
Related symptoms that may occur in disorders of dysthymia in children and adolescents is a mood-sad or angry and irritable, social withdrawal, conflict with peers, sees self uninteresting, inadequate or incapable, feeling of guilt, brooding about the past.
Criteria above are the signs and symptoms defined by the American Psychiatric Association, published in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition, 1994). Dysthymic Disorder symptoms in children and adolescents were present for most of the day and persistent, and lasted no less for a year.
Enforcement diagnosis can be made based on signs and symptoms reported by children or adolescents themselves, or from observations by others (parents, teachers, friends, etc.). In most children, the atmosphere became so generally viewed as normal for the individual, and can not be reported as a complaint unless directly asked. In order to obtain a diagnosis of Dysthymia, symptoms of dysthymia in children or adolescents will always appear for more than two months, and never meet the criteria for Major Depression disorder or manic episodes. Some children with this condition do not lead to a more severe depression.
The signs and symptoms of dysthymia interference can cause distress, or significant interference in social, education, or other important functions. Onset Dysthymia can start to appear before the age of 21. Dysthymia often occurs in girls and in boys. Most children with dysthymia interference have poor social skills and pessimistic. It is more commonly found when parents or siblings have major depressive disorder.
Dysthymia disorder can also be triggered due to a general medical condition (chronic disease). Dysthymia disorder can also be due to the impact of substance abuse, drug or exposure to toxins in food, water or environment.
Dysthymia therapy in children or adolescents should be holistic and comprehensive. Medication and psychotherapy should 'be a complete intervention'. Individual therapy can be beneficial to assist children in identifying negative feelings and situations. Counseling can help to build self-esteem, emotional coping strategies, and positive social skills to enhance friendship. Strategies to help reduce emotional interference in schools to improve learning and performance, which will strengthen the function of emotions in children or adolescents. Teacher / counselor can participate by supporting the recommendations and build a better interaction. Informed consent (signed consent) is required before a therapist to do with anyone about the treatment of dysthymia disorder in children.
Family therapy is often helpful in improving understanding and establishing parents in positive parenting and fosters the quality of interaction between parent and child. Children with Dysthymia may experience frustration because symptoms which persist for a long time. Parents and siblings can learn to accept or ignore the negative mood of depressed mood and thinking from time to time. Family therapy can restore their hope and they can learn to look positively dysthymia disorders. Some children benefit from the skills training and social group therapy than individual therapy and family.
Medication on Dysthymic disorder. Pediatricians often prescribe anti-depressant. There are many types of anti-depressants available, and doctors are qualified, have the best consideration for choosing appropriate treatment. Applicable anti-depressant medication slowly (10 days to 3 weeks) and may require increased doses to obtain therapeutic results.
Anti-depressants are used with children and adolescents have been associated with reports of increased suicidal feelings in some cases, and the supervision of parents and professionals during the week’s initial prescription needed. Finding the appropriate therapy can be a challenge. Find available appointments can take time, and you may have to contact several sources of referral in the process. Finding the right people between the therapist and the child or adolescent can also be challenging. Not every therapist has a match for every child. Teens especially better with a therapist of the same sex, because talk about themselves more comfortable. Family therapists are even rarer and have special training. Sometimes more than one therapist is involved caring for children and their families. Many times parents have to decide on treatment of dysthymic disorders, children or adolescents are often unwilling or unable to make the choice to ask for help.
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