Bipolar 1 Disorder

Bipolar 1 disorder is one of type mood disorders that is characterized by manic episode. Bipolar 1 disorder, or known as manic episodes as listed in the DSM-IV-TR criteria for manic episodes (see Table) is an episode that requires the existence of a distinct period of abnormal mood lasting at least 1 week and includes a separate disorder diagnoses bipolar. Bipolar 1 disorder is a distinct single manic episode with bipolar disorder that has a depressive episode. Bipolar 1 disorder is manic uniplar with recurrent episodes.

Table. DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Manic Episode (bipolar 1 disorder)

A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, lasting at least 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary). During the period of mood disturbance, three (or more) of the following symptoms have persisted (four if the mood is only irritable) and have been present to a significant degree: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity decreased need for sleep (e.g., feels rested after only 3 hours of sleep) more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing distractibility (i.e., attention too easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant external stimuli) increase in goal-directed activity (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) or psychomotor agitation excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., engaging in unrestrained buying sprees, sexual indiscretions, or foolish business investments) The symptoms do not meet criteria for a mixed episode. The mood disturbance is sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in occupational functioning or in usual social activities or relationships with others, or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others, or there are psychotic features. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication, or other treatment) or a general medical condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism). Note: Manic-like episodes that are clearly caused by somatic antidepressant treatment (e.g., medication, electroconvulsive therapy, light therapy) should not count toward a diagnosis of bipolar 1 disorder.

(From American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Text rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; copyright 2000, with permission.)

Appointment of bipolar 1 disorder is identical to what was previously known as bipolar disorder is a syndrome in which a complete set of symptoms of mania occur during the disturbance. Diagnostic criteria for bipolar II disorder is characterized by episodes of depression and hypomanic episode during the interruption, but the episode manic-like symptoms do not quite meet the diagnostic criteria for a full manic syndrome.

Clear manic episode triggered by antidepressant treatment (eg, pharmacotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy [ECT]) do not show bipolar I disorder.