A person who is suffering from disease in the general medical condition and experiencing prolonged pain, has a risk of developing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Especially in patients with chronic diseases who must fight the pain for a long period. Pain management must consider the psychosocial factors in addition to medication approach.
Treatment and pain management should involve a multidisciplinary team, in order to obtain optimal results. Individual approaches will assess not only the depressed mood and anxiety among chronic pain patients but also the type of coping strategies that will be used by patients, says lead author and PhD candidate M. Alexandra Ferreira-Valente, MSc, from the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal.
"Anxiety and depression, was strongly associated with the level of pain severity extremely high" said Ferreira-Valente. "There is no doubt that effective therapeutic not only provides patients with pain medication for a while, while psychosocial conditions were ignored," he added.
Ferreira-Valente In a their study assessing psychosocial factors and prediction of depression and anxiety in 324 patients with different musculoskeletal conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, arthrosis, ankylosing spondylitis, and herniated disks, with an age range approximately 61 years.
fill research correspondent pain intensity scale, as well as Portuguese Brief Pain Inventory and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire Portuguese version of the brief, Chronic Pain Coping Inventory, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Satisfaction With Social Support Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
The study found that predicted the existence of common factors causing anxiety and depression. For example, factors associated with higher pain severity and interference, and was predicted by beliefs related to self-efficacy, social support, and pray / hope. However, despite the anxiety associated with health-focused coping responses, depression is more associated with their disease terkadap coping responses.
"We found not only depression and anxiety related to higher pain intensity and worse, but also related to other variables, such as the ability to cope and self-efficacy and social support in overcoming depression and anxiety," says Ferreira-Valente.
"By changing how people cope with chronic pain, we may be able to decrease their anxiety and depression, and hopefully increase their functioning and their quality of life."
Ferreira-Valente talked about the "vicious circle" of pain causing anxiety and depression, which then often worsens pain perception. Pain cannot be viewed as a physical phenomenon alone, she said. To facilitate the most appropriate coping strategy, a treatment program should be streamlined to each individual patient "according to his or her depression and anxiety levels," she added.
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